The environmental impacts of cryptomining exist even when miners use existing clean power. Yet because cryptomining is geographically mobile and the stability of the business model remains unclear, local utilities also face financial risks if they invest in upgrading capacity that may not be needed if mining activity ceases or moves away. Cryptominers’ intensive and often volatile power consumption also can push up electricity prices for consumers and can increase risks for local electrical grids-straining equipment, causing service interruptions and safety hazards ( Chelan County 2018). Pollution from electricity generation falls disproportionately on low-income neighborhoods and communities of color ( Thind et al. Residential and Cryptomining Electricity Usage (in Billions of kilowatt hours in 2022)Ĭryptominers’ high energy consumption has negative spillovers on the environment, quality of life, and electricity grids where these firms locate across the country ( OSTP 2022). As shown in Figure 1, the amount of electricity used in cryptomining in the United States in 2022 was similar to what is used to power all the country’s home computers or residential lighting. Recent reporting by the New York Times highlighted the scale of the power consumption associated with 34 of the largest cryptomining operations, which they calculated as equal to the power used by the surrounding 3 million homes. While crypto assets are virtual, the energy consumption tied to their computationally intensive production is very real and imposes very real costs, as highlighted in a chapter of this year’s Economic Report of the President (entitled “Digital Assets: Relearning Economic Principles”). The DAME tax encourages firms to start taking better account of the harms they impose on society.
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Currently, cryptomining firms do not have to pay for the full cost they impose on others, in the form of local environmental pollution, higher energy prices, and the impacts of increased greenhouse gas emissions on the climate. After a phase-in period, firms would face a tax equal to 30 percent of the cost of the electricity they use in cryptomining.Ĭryptomining is a process for validating transactions among holders of crypto assets to record and transfer cryptographically secured assets on a distributed ledger by, for example, using computing equipment to perform calculations to select the validator ( White House 2022). One new proposal in this year’s Budget, the Digital Asset Mining Energy (DAME) excise tax, is an example of the President’s commitment to addressing both long-standing national challenges as well as emerging risks – in this case, the economic and environmental costs of current practices for mining crypto assets (cryptomining, for short). Last month, the President released his Budget for Fiscal Year 2024, building on progress over the past two years to make critical investments to grow the economy, lower costs for families, protect and strengthen Medicare and Social Security, and reduce the deficit.
Administration Show submenu for “Administration””.However color4 is the most likely resource setting to focus on changing. Others edit $HOME/.Xdefaults (there are several ways to accomplish this). I do not - rather, I set the XAPPLRESDIR environment variable to point to my own customizable resource files. Typically people use "xrdb -merge" to apply resource settings. To apply a similar change to all xterm's you would use a resource setting. The program allows you to set a color with a different option, e.g., $ xtermcontrol -color4=rgb:0000/0000/ffffĪnd because the value is printed to the standard output, it would be possible to write a script to retrieve the current color and modify it.Īn escape sequence of course, applies only to the xterm in which it is sent. Where "eeee" is the hexadecimal value used for the color4 (normal blue). If you have xtermcontrol installed, then you can get the value which is currently used for one of these, e.,g $ xtermcontrol -get-color4 The color(s) for blue are color4 (normal) and color12 (bright). In Debian (and derived distributions such as Ubuntu), there is a package xtermcontrol which makes it simple to send escape sequences to set the xterm color palette.
Assuming you are talking about xterm, there are two ways of setting colors:įor either, the value is normally set as an RGB (red/green/blue) string.
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